Only by developing a deeper understanding of AI systems as they act in the world can we ensure that this new infrastructure never turns toxic.

Like all technologies before it, artificial intelligence will reflect the values of its creators. So inclusivity matters - from who designs it to who sits on the company boards and which ethical perspectives are included.

The promoters of big data would like us to believe that behind the lines of code and vast databases lie objective and universal insights into patterns of human behavior, be it consumer spending, criminal or terrorist acts, healthy habits, or employee productivity. But many big-data evangelists avoid taking a hard look at the weaknesses.

There's been the emergence of a philosophy that big data is all you need. We would suggest that, actually, numbers don't speak for themselves.