Carol S. Dweck

We found that process praise predicted the child's mindset and desire for challenge five years later. ”

I open 'Mindset' with examples of kids who thrive on difficult challenges. ”

I teach a freshman seminar every year, and we delve very, very deeply into their mindsets. They read scientific articles, but we also focus on what their mindset is, and they learn to recognize when they are in more of a fixed mindset, because we're all a mixture. ”

The mindset ideas were developed as a counter to the self-esteem movement of blanketing everyone with praise, whether deserved or not. ”

With a fixed mindset, you're so worried about how smart or talented you are, you don't take on challenges. You don't try new things. ”

Males and females can both have a fixed mindset about math and science, but it hurts girls more because they are on the negative end of the stereotype. ”

There is a long history of research showing that people are overconfident about their abilities. But it turns out that people in general are not overconfident about their abilities; people with a fixed mindset are overconfident. ”

Chinese culture is already telling children to work hard. That's not growth mindset because they're working hard for the product, not for the growth or the joy of learning. ”

What we found was that the greater proportion of process praise, the more likely the child was to have a mindset five years later that welcomed challenges and that represented traits as malleable, not a label you were stuck with. ”

Everyone is a mixture of fixed and growth mindsets. You could have a predominant growth mindset in an area, but there can still be things that trigger you into a fixed mindset trait. ”